Theoretical nhaurirano pane aerosol kugadzikana bvunzo yakakonzerwa neArrhenius formula
Maitiro anodiwa kuti zvigadzirwa zvedu zveaerosol zvitange kuita bvunzo yekugadzikana, asi isu tichaona kuti kunyangwe bvunzo yekugadzikana yapfuura, pachange paine madhigirii akasiyana ekudonha kwecorrosion mukugadzirwa kwakawanda, kana matambudziko emhando yechigadzirwa.Saka zvichiri zvine musoro here kuti tiite stability test?
Isu tinowanzo kutaura nezve 50 ℃ mwedzi mitatu yekudzikama bvunzo yakaenzana nemakore maviri eiyo theoretical bvunzo kutenderera pakamuri tembiricha, saka kukosha kweiyo theoretical kunobva kupi?Yakakosha formula inoda kutaurwa pano: iyo Arrhenius formula.Arrhenius equation izwi remakemikari.Iyo impirical formula yehukama pakati pechiyero chekugara kwemakemikari reaction uye tembiricha.Kudzidzira kwakawanda kunoratidza kuti iyi fomula haingoshande kune gasi rekuita, liquid phase reaction uye yakawanda yemultiphase catalytic reaction.
Formula kunyora (exponential)
K ndiyo chiyero chinogara chiripo, R ndiyo molar gasi inogara iripo, T ndiyo tembiricha ye thermodynamic, Ea ndiyo inooneka activation simba, uye A ndiyo pre-exponential factor (inozivikanwawo se frequency factor).
Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti Arrhenius 'empirical formula inotora kuti activation energy Ea inoonekwa seyakazvimiririra yakazvimiririra yetembiricha, inofambirana nemhedzisiro yekuyedza mukati mehumwe tembiricha.Nekudaro, nekuda kwehupamhi hwetembiricha huwandu kana maitiro akaomarara, LNK uye 1/T haisi mutsara wakatwasuka.Zvinoratidza kuti iyo activation simba ine hukama nekushisa uye Arrhenius empirical formula haishande kune mamwe maitiro akaomarara.
Tinogona here kutevedzera Arrhenius 'empirical formula mune aerosols?Zvichienderana nemamiriro ezvinhu, vazhinji vavo vanoteverwa, kunze kwezvimwe zvishoma, zvakapiwa, hongu, kuti "activation energy Ea" yeaerosol chigadzirwa inogara yakagadzikana yakasununguka kune tembiricha.
Zvinoenderana neArrhenius equation, makemikari ayo anofurira zvinhu anosanganisira zvinotevera zvinhu:
(1) Kudzvanywa: kwemakemikari anoita anosanganisira gasi, kana mamwe mamiriro akasara asina kuchinjika (kunze kwevhoriyamu), wedzera kudzvanywa, kureva kuti, vhoriyamu inoderera, kuwanda kweanogadzirisa kunowedzera, huwandu hwemamorekuru akamiswa pavhoriyamu inowedzera, nhamba ye kudhumhana kunoshanda pane imwe nguva yeyuniti inowedzera, uye chiyero chekuita chinowedzera;Zvikasadaro, inoderera.Kana iyo vhoriyamu ichigara, chiyero chekuita chinoramba chiripo pakumanikidzwa (nekuwedzera gasi risingatore chikamu mumakemikari reaction).Nekuti iyo yekumisikidza haichinji, nhamba yemamorekuru anoshanda pavhoriyamu haichinji.Asi pahuwandu hunoramba huripo, kana iwe ukawedzera reactants, zvakare, iwe unoshandisa kumanikidzika, uye iwe unowedzera huwandu hwezvinokonzera, unowedzera chiyero.
(2) Tembiricha: chero tembiricha yakasimudzwa, mamorekuru anogadzirisa anowana simba, kuitira kuti chikamu chepakutanga chakaderera simba mamorekuru ive activated mamorekuru, ichiwedzera chikamu cheiyo activated mamorekuru, ichiwedzera huwandu hwekudhumhana kunoshanda, kuitira kuti maitiro aite. chiyero chinowedzera (chikonzero chikuru).Ehe, nekuda kwekuwedzera kwekushisa, chiyero chekufamba kwema molecular chinowedzera, uye nhamba yemamorekuru kudhumhana kweanogadzirisa pane imwe unit nguva inowedzerwa, uye kuita kunokwidziridzwa zvinoenderana (chechipiri chikonzero).
(3) Catalyst: kushandiswa kweiyo catalyst yakanaka kunogona kuderedza simba rinodiwa pakuita, kuitira kuti mamwe mamorekuru anogadziriswa ave mamorekuru akabatidzwa, achivandudza zvakanyanya chikamu cheanoita mamorekuru pavhoriyamu yevhoriyamu, nokudaro achiwedzera chiyero cheanogadzirisa zviuru zvenguva.Negative catalyst inopesana.
(4) Kuisa pfungwa: Kana mamwe mamiriro akafanana, kuwedzera kusanganiswa kwezvinogadziriswa kunowedzera nhamba yemamolekemu akashandiswa pahuwandu hwehuwandu, nokudaro kuwedzera kuwirirana kunobudirira, chiyero chekuita chinowedzera, asi chikamu chemamolekemu akashandiswa hachichinji.
Iwo kemikari zvinhu kubva pane zvinhu zvina zviri pamusoro anogona kunyatso kutsanangura kupatsanurwa kwedu kwemasaiti ekuora (gasi chikamu checorrosion, liquid phase corrosion uye interface corrosion):
1) Muchikamu chegesi gasi, kunyange zvazvo vhoriyamu inoramba isina kuchinja, kuwedzera kunowedzera.Sezvo kutonhora kuchikwira, kushandiswa kwemhepo (oxygen), mvura uye propellant inowedzera, uye nhamba yekudhumhana inowedzera, saka gasi chikamu chekuora chinowedzera.Naizvozvo, kusarudzwa kweiyo yakakodzera mvura-yakavakirwa gasi chikamu rust inhibitor yakakosha zvikuru
2) liquid phase corrosion, nekuda kwe activation yekuwedzera concentration, zvimwe zvitsvina zvinogona (senge hydrogen ions, etc.) mune isina kusimba link uye zvekurongedza zvinhu zvinomhanyisa kudhumhana kunogadzirwa kukoroni, saka sarudzo yemvura chikamu antirust agent inofanirwa kutariswa. yakasanganiswa nepH uye mbishi zvinhu.
3) Interface corrosion, yakasanganiswa nekumanikidza, activation catalysis, mhepo (oxygen), mvura, propellant, tsvina (yakadai sehydrogen ion, nezvimwewo) maitiro akazara, zvichikonzera kukanganisa kwemaitiro, kugadzikana uye dhizaini yeformula system yakakosha. .
Kudzokera kumubvunzo wapfuura, nei dzimwe nguva bvunzo yekugadzikana inoshanda, asi kuchine anomaly kana zvasvika pakugadzirwa kwehuwandu?Funga zvinotevera:
1: kugadzikana dhizaini yeformula system, senge Ph shanduko, emulsification kugadzikana, saturation kugadzikana uye zvichingodaro.
2: kusvibiswa kuri mumbishi kuripo, sekuchinja kwehydrogen ion uye chloride ion.
3: batch kugadzikana kwezvinhu zvakasvibirira, ph pakati pemabheji ezvigadzirwa, saizi yekutsauka kwemukati uye zvichingodaro.
4: kugadzikana kweaerosol cans uye mavharuvhu uye zvimwe zvinhu zvekurongedza, kugadzikana kwehukobvu hwematani plating layer, kutsiviwa kwezvakagadzirwa zvinokonzerwa nekukwira kwemutengo wezvigadzirwa.
5: Nyatsoongorora yega yega inomaly mukugadzikana bvunzo, kunyangwe idiki shanduko, ita mutongo une musoro kuburikidza nekuenzanisa yakachinjika, microscopic amplification uye dzimwe nzira (uku ndiko kushomeka kwakanyanya muindasitiri yeaerosol yemumba parizvino)
Naizvozvo, kugadzikana kwemhando yechigadzirwa kunosanganisira ese maficha, uye zvinodikanwa kuve neyakakwana yemhando sisitimu yekudzora yese yekugovera cheni chiteshi (kusanganisira kutenga zviyero, kutsvagisa uye kusimudzira zviyero, zviyero zvekuongorora, zviyero zvekugadzira, nezvimwewo) kuti isangane nemhando yepamusoro. zano, kuitira kuti tive nechokwadi chekugadzikana kwekupedzisira uye kuenderana kwezvigadzirwa zvedu.
Nehurombo, chatinoda kugovera parizvino ndechekuti kuyedzwa kwekugadzikana hakugone kuvimbisa kuti hapana matambudziko mukuyedzwa kwekugadzikana, uye kugadzirwa kwehuwandu kunofanirwa kunge kusina matambudziko.Kubatanidza kufunga pamusoro uye kugadzikana kuyedzwa kwechigadzirwa chimwe nechimwe, tinogona kudzivirira huwandu hwakawanda hwenjodzi dzakavanzwa.Pachine mamwe matambudziko akatimirira kuti tiongorore, tiwane uye tigadzirise.Chimwe chezvinokwezva zveaerosols ndechekuti vanhu vazhinji vanotarisirwa kugadzirisa zvimwe zvakavanzika.
Nguva yekutumira: Jun-23-2022
